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Biological treatments for fibres seem like the perfect solution for reducing the output of harmful chemicals in papermaking. However they have also proved themselves to be able to reduce costs, improve efficiency and generally work more effectively than their synthetic rivals. But while enzymes have been used in certain paper processes for a number of years, it is only now that new research and developments are making them a viable proposition for many more areas of papermaking. This new study identifies the key advances in biological fibre treatment and how they're being applied in the paper industry. Find out about:
- Tree biotechnology and how this can be used to improve papermaking
- Key drivers and trends likely to impact papermakers
- Legislation and regulations on wood and fibre improvement affecting the industry
Essential reading for
- Papermakers
- Suppliers of papermaking equipment
- Paper chemical manufacturers
- Inks and pigments manufacturers
- Pulp suppliers
- Forestry organisations
- Analysts and consultants
Executive summary
Introduction
Tree biotechnology: an overview
- Inter-relationship between wood supply, species mixes, and product suites
- Natural stands vs. plantations
- Growth rates and wood properties
- Current status of knowledge of wood and fibre properties
- Technical realities for improvement
- Cost
- Timeframes: biological fibre treatment vs. other technologies
- Land and germplasm ownership
- Who is doing the research?
- Who is doing the development?
- Opportunities, risks
- Deployment strategies
- Public opinion
- Key drivers and trends
- Economics of wood and fibre properties
- Mill perspective
- Growers' perspective
- Risks and rewards
Wood and fibre properties
- Tree growth and adaptation
- Impact on solid wood
- Impact on engineered wood
- Impact on pulp and paper
- Mechanical grades
- Chemical grades
- Primer on wood and fibre properties
- Mechanical properties (softwood and hardwood comparison)
- Modulus of elasticity
- Tensile strength
- Modulus of rupture
- Chemical properties
- Extractives
- Cellulose
- Lignin
- Hemicellulose
- Anatomical properties
- Fibre length
- Wood density
- Microfibril angle
- Wall thickness
- Wood density
- Coarseness
Developmental induced variation of wood and fibre properties within trees
- Juvenile vs. mature wood - radial gradient
- Corewood vs. outerwood - radial vs. vertical gradient
Engineered fibre developments
- Impact of silviculture on wood and fibre properties
- Regional differences in wood properties
- Plantation management impacts on wood properties
- Trade-offs of fast growth
Breeding for impoved wood and fibre properties
- Genetic control of wood and fibre properties
- Status of breeding for wood and fibre properties
- Measurement of wood and fibre properties
- Impact of tree cloning on wood and fibre properties
Genetic engineering of wood and fibre properties
- Increased growth rates
- Reduced lignin content
- Altered lignin content
- Reduced and altered lignin content
Technological innovations that may affect future efforts to alter wood and fibre properties
- Molecular markers for enhanced breeding
- New genes for genetic engineering
Legislations and regulation on wood and fibre improvement
IntertechPira reserves the right to change the contents of these publications anytime before publication.